Atmospheric corrosion is one of the most common types of corrosion, which is considered as a major challenge for industries and equipments. Annually, a lot of expenses are spent for mitigating the atmospheric corrosion in industrial structures, including the oil reservoir shells, the stands and the oil and gas transmission pipelines. Therefore, monitoring and controlling this kind of corrosion is very important issue. In the present research, for producing smart self-healing nanocomposite coatings, nanofibers made of ethylcellulose as shells with/ and without linseed oil as core were produced using the electrospining method. Investigation of the presence of linseed oil in the ethylcellulose nano fibers has been done using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and optical microscopy. As well, the morphology of the ethylcellulose nanofibres has been studied using the scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the average diameter of the nanofibers has been calculated using the Image-J software. The average diameter of the ethylcellulose nanofibers without linseed oil was 146-197 nm, and the ethylcellulose nanofibers containing linseed oil was 360 – 1300nm. In order to process of the smart nanocomposite coatings having the self-healing property, the ethylcellulose nanofibers with/ and without linseed oil have been coated on carbon steel substrates by electrospinning method. After this process, the polyurethane coating has been applied on the substrates using the brushing method. A control sample (PU) has been prepared using the simple polyurethane coating. The corrosion resistance and the self-healing property of the resulting coatings have been studied in 3.5 wt% NaCl solutions using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization (LP) methods on scratched samples. The results obtained revealed the coatings with highest corrosion resistance. The optimized one in the category of polyurethane/ ethylcellulose nanofibers nanocomposite coatings without linseed oil, was the coating having 12% w/v ethylcellulose (E12L00) and in the category of polyurethane/ Ethyl Cellulose Nanofibers nanocomposite coatings having 12% w/v ethylcellulose containing 30 wt% linseed oil (E12L30) had better performance than other samples. The results of the EIS and LP tests have been revealed that the E12L00 and E12L30 nanocomposite coatings have been exhibited more corrosion resistance than the PU coatings till the long times. Also because of the healing the scratches due to the oxidation of the linseed oil, the E12L30 coating has been shown the better operation than the E12L00 coating at long times. Over the time, by appearing the self-healing property, the corrosion resistance of the E12L30 nanocomposite coatings and the barrier properties of these coatings became stable. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of the scratched specimens has been characterized using the salt spray exposure test. The healing process of cracks due to the oxidation of linseed oil, has resulted in increasing the corrosion resistance of the E12L30 nanocomposite coating among the other coatings. In addition, the scanning electron micrographs of scratched coatings after the exposure in specific time has been indicated the healing of the cracks by oxidation of linseed oil. The adhesion strength of the E12L00 and E12L30 nanocomposite coatings and the control sample have been compared. The results revealed that the adhesion strength of the E12L00 nanocomposite coatings has been increased due to the physical bonding of ethylcellulose nanofibres with polyurethane coating and filling of the probable defects. In this manner, the adhesion strength of the E12L30 nanocomposite coating has been increased due to the permeability of ethylcellulose shells and thus the healing process of defects by linseed oil. Eventually, for the purpose of evaluating the corrosion behavior of these coatings under the cathodic protection conditions, the standard cathodic disbonding test has been performed on the coatings. The E12L00 and E12L30 nanocomposite coatings exhibited greater cathodic disbonding resistance than the PU control coating. Also, in the E12L30 coating, over time, the oxidation of linseed oil around the defect area has been prevented the penetration of corrosive agents. Into the coating/ substrate intersection. Keywords : Atmospheric corrosion, Nanocomposite coating, Self- healing, Nanofiber, Ethylcellulose, Linseed Oil, Polyurethane.