: One of the most efficient methods in bird strike analysis is the finite element method. In this study, first three numerical methods namely Lagrange, SPH and ALE have been used in order to investigate bird strike incident. In order to compare the results obtained from three methods, pressures at the center of impact and also deformation of bird models have been compared. Results indicate that all the three methods are able to predict the pressure at the center of impact almost accurately in both perpendicular and inclined impacts. Next a bird model with geometry similar to a real bird (Bufflehead Duck) is introduced and compared to traditional bird models and also to experimental data. Modelling a bird with a realistic body shape makes it possible to investigate the effect of bird orientations in the bird strike on structures. A bird can impact a part of an airplane from its head, tail, bottom or wings. Any of these orientations can have a different effect on the response and thus the integrity of an airplane part. Since all birds do not have the same body shapes and sizes, and, since, it is not always convenient to model a complex bird body, four substitute bird models are introduced. The models results are then compared in order to determine the best substitute bird which can properly model the pressure and force exerted by real birds when impacting from different orientations. Based on the numerical simulations, it can be concluded that the impact from bird bottom side is the most damaging scenario while the tail side impact is the less dangerous one. It was also found that for the tail side impact scenario, a hemispherical-ended cylinder shows the best results, while for the bottom side impact scenario, an ellipsoid can be the best candidate for the bird substitute model. In order to investigate the effect of orientation of bird more thoroughly, a real mallard anatomy is numerically created from CT images and then used for analysis by SPH method. The result produced by the real bird is compared to that of the traditional bird models. The effects of considering the cavities, air, and different orientations at which a mallard strikes a target are also investigated. In order to study the effect of orientation of bird on bird strike events, four impact scenarios were considered and simulated: the impact from bottom, head, tail and wing sides. It was found again that the impact from the bottom side is the most damaging scenario, while the impact from the wing side is the safest impact scenario. Finally, bird impact against an airplane tailplane is investigated. Different tailplanes types, i.e. with or without foam core and different layup thicknesses have been considered, and their results have been compared to each other. Keywords : Bird Strike, Tailplane, SPH, ALE, Lagrangian, Horizontal Stabilizer, Finite Element Method.