Considering the extent of the disability caused by spinal cord injury and the increasing incidence of it, many attempts have been made to understand how this lesion is repaired. Most of the spinal cord injuries are traumatic injuries that usually caused by road accidents. The annual incidence of this damage is estimated between 15-40 cases per million people worldwide. So considering the extent of this incident, the need for study of the effects of spinal cord injuries, in particular, on traumatic injuries, is necessary. Due to the ethical and practical difficulties and limitations, as well as the high cost of performing empirical studies on the living and corpse, the use of finite element modeling is a powerful and complementary tool for the study of spinal biomechanics. This method is able to predict how the spinal cord injuries are in different loads and can theoretically determine the amount of spinal cord strain and the critical level for spinal cord injuries, so this prediction can play an important role in treating these lesions and improving patients. In this study, detailed three-dimensional FE model of the cervical spine and spinal cord was created to study the spinal cord biomechanical response against traumatic injuries. The modeled injury mechanisms were transverse contusion (as would occur in a burst fracture usually in accidents), distraction (as would occur in a column distortion or distraction injury usually occur in accident), and dislocation (as would occur in a fracture dislocation usually in accident). For dislocation injury, three case of dislocation injury are studied. Case 1, 1mm dislocation in 0.17 ms, case2, 1mm dislocation in 0.3 ms, case 3, 1mm dislocation in 0.17 ms. The results indicate that critical section of spinal cord is near C 5 , C 6 vertebrae and stress distribution in white matter is more than gray matter. Stress in the cord was substantially elevated when dislocation displacement (fixed time duration of dislocation) or dislocation duration increased (fixed dislocation displacement). In case1 and case2 axonal injury occurs. For distraction injury, the results indicate critical section of spinal cord is near C 6 vertebrae and stress distribution in white matter is more than gray matter. Strain distribution in critical section of spinal cord indicates axonal injury may occur in this injury mechanism. For contusion injury, the results indicate that maximum deformation of the spinal cord was substantially elevated when impact velocity increased. In this injury mechanism, critical initial impact velocity is 6m/s and if impact velocity is more than these spinal cord lesion and axonal injury can occur. To validate the results of finite element model, experimental data from other studies are used. These experimental studies have been done on animal specimens so finite element model of animal specimens was created too. At last the results of finite element model (animal specimen) and experimental test were compared and there was good agreement between the results. The methods in human and animal finite element models are the same so it was concluded the human finite element model is correct and the results are valid. Keywords: Finite element model, Traumatic injuries, Accident, Spinal cord injuries (SCI), Spinal cord