NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) has a high recoverable strain up to 8%, similar to that of bone (2%), and has a low elastic modulus down to 48 GPa, close to that of dense (cortical) bone (below 20GPa). Recently, porous NiTi with the cellular structure, similar to those of some natural biomaterials such as bone, has been acknowledged as a promising biomaterial to use as artificial bones. The mechanical properties of porous NiTi SMA can be easily adjusted to match with those of the replaced bones by obtaining different porosity and pore sizes through controlling the process conditions. Moreover, its porous structure can allow body tissues to grow inside and body fluids to be traorted through the interconnected pores, which can accelerate the healing process. In present study, porous Ni-Ti shape memory alloy was fabricated by combustion synthesis method as the best process to find open pores in product as an important characteristic for implants. Different separate mixtures were prepared from mechanically activated elemental Ni and Ti powder (with less than 15 ?m and less than 25 ?m grain size). Mechanical Activation process was done using planetary ball-milling. In this step, the effect of Stearic acid as a process control agent (PCA) had been evaluated. Use of acid in milling stage prevents the critical milling behavior, while dry milling leads the powders to stick severely to the milling container. But adding PCA to the mechanical activation (MA) process, leads to production of undesired TiC phase. It also has some effects on the compaction process, dry milling was applied to the final samples, using milling cycles. Then, different situations of milling was applied to the powders and activated milled mixtures were compressed into mold, and shape memory alloy was produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) Effect of various parameters on the final product, such as milling conditions, the amount of compression pressure, ignition parameters, was evaluated. To assess the composition phases in the final product, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. The amount of NiTi phase in the final composition was greatly increased by adjusting the process parameters to the proper values. Compaction tests shows that samples have Young's modulus near to that of the spongy human bone. In addition, the general porosity percentage and the open porosity ratio, the ratio of the open porosity to the general porosity, were measured by the liquid weighing method according to ISO 2738 standard. It was shown that the general porosity of the final product was 50%, consisting of 85% open porosity, which are very beneficial for bone ingrowth in orthopedic applications, since it is in the range of that of cancellous human bone. Keywords Nitinol, shape memory alloy, Porous, Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis, Mechanical Activation, Compression Test