Nitrate and cyanide are often found as an environmental pollutant in the groundwater resources and the effluent of various industries such as: metal plating procedure, gold exploitation, photography and pesticide production, respectively. Numerous procedures have been utilized in order to remove these pollutants from aqueous solutions. Among these methods, adsorption is considered one of the most common methods for decreasing and removal of nitrate and cyanide. Because of the biodegradability and abundance of natural polymers, the evaluation of the capacity of these materials in removing different pollutants from water and wastewater has been taken into consideration lately. In the recent study adsorbtion of nitrate and cyanide through use of a kind of modified chitosan treated by copper sulphate is investigated. The effects of different parameters on nitrate adsorption, as initial concentration (in range of 80 to 200 mg/L), dosage of adsorbent (in range of 4 to 14 g/L), pH (in range of 2 to 4.5) and contact time (in range of 5 to 90 minutes) are studied. In addition, the effect of parameters on cyanide adsorption, such as as initial concentration (in range of 50 to 350 mg/L), dosage of adsorbent (in range of 2 to 14 g/L), agitation speed (in range of 160 to 200 round per minutes) and contact time (in range of 5 to 310 minutes) are evaluated. According to the results, optimum condition for nitrate adsorption through corresponding adsorbent, contact time is 90 minutes, pH is 3, initial concentration is 200 mg/L and adsorbent dosage is 14g/L. Capability of this adsorbent for elimination of nitrate in this condition is more than 76%. Further, the optimum condations for cyanide experiments were: 310 minutes for contact time, 200 rpm for agitation speed, 350 mg/L for intial concentration and 14 g/L for adsorbent dosage. Capability of this adsorbent for elimination of nitrate in this condition is more than 85%. Adsorbtion isotherm for the two pollutants is in accordance with Froundlich model and maximum capacity of adsorbtion of nitrate and cyanide through corresponding adsorbent in optimum condition, obtained in laboratory, is 10.88 and 21.31 mg pollutans per g adsorbent respectively. Considering the results obtained from variance analyse, all the perameters in this study are meaningful. As the over all out come of the research we can announce that chitosan treated by copper sulphate, used in this study, is able to eliminate nitrate and cyanide from aqueous environment and can be replaced by common adsorbent like activated carbon, as a economic and capable adsorbent, in purification of water and wastewater poluted with these pollutants. Keywords: Adsorption, nitrate, cyanide, chitosan, copper sulphate.