In this thesis, new nanocomposites (NCs) of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO ) were synthesized through solution casting method and in the presence of ultrasonic waves. Since the effective applications of in the preparation of NCs depend on their ability in uniform dispersion throughout the polymer matrix, so the surface modification of by chemical groups is necessary. For this purpose, Bovine Serum Albumin was employed as a biological coupling agent to modify the surface of the CuO . Then, 3, 6, and 9 wt% of modified CuO (respect to the polymers) were distributed by ultrasound irradiation within the PVA and PVC matrix and the corresponding NCs were prepared. Finally, different properties of the prepared NCs by several methods such as FT-IR, TGA, XRD, UV-Vis, water contact angle measurement (CAM), FE-SEM, TEM, and mechanical test were investigated. FE-SEM and TEM images indicate the proper dispersion of CuO after usage of BSA coupling agent and as well as ultrasonication approach. XRD result showed that surface treatment and ultrasound waves do not affect the crystalline nature. Thermogravimetry result showed NCs demolished at upper temperatures than the virgin polymers. The mechanical result corroborated a remarkable improvement in the mechanical resistant of the obtained NCs after the incorporation of CuO-BSA into the PVC and PVA matrix. The UV-Vis spectra indicated NCs have the ability to absorb light in the UV region, which can be considered as a good feature for use in the packaging industry. The CAM results indicate a decline in CA, which means that the hydrophilicity of the produced NCs has increased due to the creation of hydrogen bonds. The attachment of BSA on the CuO surface in addition to the TGA and FT-IR analyses was confirmed through the advent of BSA peaks (N and S) in the EDX pattern of the CuO-BSA and PVC and PVA 6 wt% NCs. Also, by investigation of BET results, it can be seen that the specific surface area of CuO-BSA after incorporating into PVC was decreased from 12 m 2 g -1 to 1.2 m 2 g -1 .
