In this project, a series of polyureas (PU)s and novel polyamides (PA)s were synthesized by difference methods, the structure and some physical properties of them are reported. At first, for the syntheses of difference polyureas, 4-phenylurazol was used as a monomer. Polymerization reactions of this compound with various diisocyanates were performed under conventional heating in dimethylacetamide and tetrabutylammonium bromide as a solvent. Then these reactions were also carried out under microwave irradiation. The inherent viscosities of resulting polymers were in the range 0.23-0.29 dL/g, and 0.24-0.30 dL/g, respectively and they show moderate thermal properties. In the second project, in order to preparation new optically active polyamides the reaction of 5-(4-methyl-2-phthalimidylpentanoylamino)isophthalic acid as a bulky monomer with different diisocyanate were performed. Different kind of catalyst was optimized for the reaction of this monomer with MDI as a diisocyanate. The optimized condition was used in the other polycondensations. Inherent viscosities of these polymers were in the range of 0.31-0.63 dL/g and it showed good thermal stability. In the next project, an attempt was made to construct the new chiral monomer containing L-leucine, phthalic anhydride, 4-aminobenzoic acid and 5-aminoisophthalic acid, 5-(4-methyl-2-phthalimidylpentanoylamino)isophthalic acid was synthesized in five steps. The chemical structure of this monomer was confirmed by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and specific rotation. Direct polycondensation of this monomer with different diamines for producing extended PAs was carried out either in the presence of N-methyl pyrrolidone/triphenyl phosphite (TPP)/calcium chloride/Py as condensing agent under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. Inherent viscosities of these polymers were in the range of 0.37-0.73 dL/g, and 0.43-0.73 dL/g, respectively. They showed good yield and thermal stability. Also, the polymerization reaction of this monomer with different aromatic diamines at the peresence of TPP and ionic liquid as a reaction medium performed under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. Inherent viscosities of these polymers were in the range of 0.46-0.81 dL/g, and 0.39-0.82 dL/g, respectively. They exhibited good solubility and thermal stability. It seems the existence of the imide pendent group in the polymer residue causes this good thermal stability. In the presence of ionic liquids, better results were obtained. The chemical structures of all synthetic polymers were confirmed by elemental analysis, F T-IR and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy.