In this study, a series of novel poly(amide-imide) (PAI)/zinc oxide (ZnO)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites (PZONCs) were synthesized to investigate the effect of two nanofillers on properties of polymer matrix. For this purpose at first optically active PAI was prepared via one step polycondensation of 4,4 ´ -methylenebis(3-chloro-2,6-diethylaniline) with N,N´ -(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-phenylalanine diacid. The structure of polymer was confirmed by different characterization methods such as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy )FT-IR(, 1 H-NMR and elemental analysis. The surface of ZnO nanoparticles () were modified with ?-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) in order to better compatibility with polymer matrix. Subsequently dispersion of silane coupling agent modified ZnO in the obtained PAI matrix was performed using ultrasonic system. In the other step, organo-montmorillonite was prepared via cation exchange reaction using natural L-phenyl alanine amino acid. Then, PZONCs with 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 wt.% of organo-montmorillonite contents were prepared via a solution intercalation technique. The resulting PZONCs were characterized by different techniques including FT-IR, X-ray diffraction )XRD(, thermogravimetric analysis )TGA( and their morphology were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In compared with the pure PAI, the thermal properties indicated the heat stability of the PZONCs in present content and dispersing organo-montmorillonite in PAI was improved. The XRD results implied that the organo-montmorillonite layers are exfoliated in polymer matrix. In the second project, the surface of TiO 2 was modified with bioactive dicarboxylic acids (DA)s containing different natural amino acids such as L-valine, L-methionine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine. The prepared DAs-modified TiO 2 were studied with FT-IR, XRD, TEM, FE-SEM and TGA techniques. The FT-IR and TGA results showed that the modifiers were grafted on the surface of TiO 2 . Modified TiO 2 could be environmentally friendly due to the presence of bioactive DAs. In the last project, for studying the effect of surface modification on desperation of TiO 2 , functional optically active PAI/TiO 2 NCs were successfully fabricated through ultrasonic technique. Firstly, the PAI containing L-valine amino acid was synthesized via polycondensation of N,N´ -(pyromellitoyl)-bis-L-valine diacid with 4,4´-diaminodiphenylsulfone. Then, PAI/TiO 2 NCs containing 5, 10 and 15 wt.% of DA-modified TiO 2 were prepared via ultrasonic method through blending of DA-modified TiO 2 with the PAI. The properties of the synthesized NCs were studied by FT-IR, TGA, FE-SEM, TEM, UV–vis spectroscopy, and XRD techniques. The TGA analysis indicated that the addition of DA-modified TiO 2 into the PAI matrix enhances the thermal decomposition temperatures of the obtained NCs. Due to present of both natural amino acid in polymer construction and DA-modified TiO 2 in these NCs it would be appropriate to name them as bionanocomposites with biodegradability and biocompatibility properties.