The genus Triticum is a member of the Poaceae family and economically contains the most important crops among others. Geographically Iran is considered one of the centers of diversity and domestication for wheat. Triticum boeoticum which contains both domesticated and wild types of wheat has a great value for breeding and wheat improvement programs. The aim of current research was to evaluate intrapopulation genetic diversity in a germplasm of Triticum boeoticum mostly native to Iran and compare their phylogenetic relationships to some Monococum genotypes using ISSR markers. The results showed that from 53 ISSR primers used, 22 produced clean and scoreable amplifications. A total of 305 bands were detected from which 275 were polymorphic. According to dandrogram obtained from banding patterns of ISSR primers and using different softwares like ARLEQUIN3.1 and NTSYS V.pc-2.02e Triticum monococum and Triticum urartu genotypes were categorized in seven distinct groups and both grouped close to Triticum boeoticum genotypes. Maximum percentage of variation in Triticum boeoticum based on ISSR markers were observed in genotypes belonged to Lorestan and Kordestan provinces. The minimum percentage of variation was revealed in genotypes from Kermanshah and Tehran. Similar results were obtained base on genetic similarity coefficient. In this study T . monococum genotypes showed a high similarity to T . boeoticum genotypes and also ISSR markers were capable in discriminating both groups. According to these results it can be concluded that the origin for monococum and boeoticum may be the same as Triticum Boeoticum and mainly west of Iran. Key words : Triticum boeoticum , Triticum monococum , genetic similarity coefficient, ISSR
