Almond, Prunus dulcis Mill , is the oldest nut products in the world and today has the largest contribution of nuts. Almond has edible, industrial and cosmetics usage and its oil used in pharmaceutical. Since ancient times seed was the only way for almond multiplication in dry lands. After introduction of grafting, seedling was also used as the rootstock. Today, rootstock breeding of fruit trees considers along with cultivar breeding and selection of suitable rootstock compatible with soil and climate conditions is important criteria for gardeners. Tissue culture techniques can be help to mass clonal propagation of similar plants. This research aimed to comparison and study of micropropagation in two native almond hybrids, Shoorab (1) and Shoorab (2), and a commercial hybrid, GF677. Indirect regeneration of GF677 via leaves with proper callugenesis was not successful. Nods and shoot tips were used as explant for micropropagation of GF677, Shoorab (1) and Shoorab (2) in different combination and concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs). The result showed the positive effect of benzyl amino purine and two combined indol butyric acid. In this study, sucrose and sorbitol were used for rooting and the results indicated that sorbitol along with butyric acid have the most effect. The explants of Shoorab (1) and Shoorab (2) were proliferated as well as GF677, while the rooting power of Shoorab (2) and Shoorab (1) was more than GF677. This result can be emphasis the attention of the native hybrids. Somaclonal variation in regenerated plants from tissue culture reduces their commercial values. Therefore, it is very important to detect it at the early stage of plant growth. Somaclonal variation of 16 regenerated as well as parents was detected by 10 SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) primer combinations (PCs). The average amplified bands for each PC ranged from 10 (E2M6 and E1M5) to 25 (E6M6). E2M5 and E2M4 produced monomorphic bands in all plants. The most polymorphism was detected in E4M4 (10.5%). The results of this study indicated that somaclonal variation depends on the donor plant, source of explant and number of subcultures. Keywords: Almond, Tissue culture, Callugenesis, Somaclonal variation, SRAP
