Developmental projects can make positive effect such as job creation, economic growth, tourism development, and … but, it can cause many negative impacts like social vulnerability, environmental degradation, economic and social cost and collapsing local communitys livelihood. I n most developing countries, economic growth in recent decades has led to development of traortation plans . Freeways and railways projects make changes in social networks, access to education and health care. Social i mpact assessment is one of the tools for tracing the sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the social impact of construction of Doroud-Khorramabad railway and Arak-Khorramabad freeway under construction on the Parapuoneh village, Khorramabad County. This research method was based on participatory approach to social impact assessment.The population of this study was the rural of Parapuoneh Village. The required data were collected by conducting face to face interview using theoretical sampling method and saturation principle. Data were analyzed using the stages of grounded theory. After coding text, theorizing, memoing and theorizing; 38 concepts, nine sub-categories, three major categories and one central category were extracted. Besides the major categories were social capital, human capital and rural income resources, the central core was "decrease in the quality of life" as the main result of social impact assessment. Finally, suggestions were made to reduce the negative impact of projects implementation. Key Words Rural women, Social capital, Human capital, Income resources, Quality of life, Grounded theory, Parapuoneh village.