Considering the importance of canola ( Brassica napus L.) as an oilseed crop and its high status among other oilseed crops, improvement of the yield and oil content is important. In order to investigate and evaluate the of agronomic traits in M4 lines resulting from the induction of mutations and identification of desirable mutant lines, an experiment with 10 × 10 simple lattice design and two replications have been conducted in Agricultural Research Station of Isfahan University in 2011 to 2013. In this experiment, 94 mutant lines of Sarigol and RGS 003 variety by gamma rays were evaluated with presence of 6 control lines. Agronomic characteristics comprised; days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per main branch, number of branches, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight, seed yield per plant, yield per unit area, biological yield, harvest index, resistance to aphid and resistance to seed shattering and seed oil content for some of lines were measured. Analysis of variance showed that there are highly significant differences between lines (p 0.01) for all traits. Simple latice design possessed equal or less efficiency than randomized complete block design (RCBD) for day to flowering, day to maturity, number of sub branch, number of pod per main branch, number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant, aphid resistance, and hence, analyzed with RCBD.Results of heritability estimates showed that all traits have heritability of over 50% except the thousand grain weight. The highest heritability belonged to number of seeds per pod (89/9%) and the lowest heritability belonged to thousand grain weight (43%). Little difference were observed between the coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation for most traits. Simple correlation among characteristics showed that there are the positive and significant correlations between the lateral branches, number of pods per plant, seed weight and with seed yield per plant, yield and harvest index. Analysis results of stepwise regression showed that number of pods per plant, seed yield, thousand grain weight, number of seeds per pod, explained up to 40% of the variation of seed yield. According to path analysis results, the numbers of pods per plant had the highest direct effects on grain yield, while the thousand grain weight and number of seeds per pod had insignificant effect. Results of factor analysis identified four factors that explained 64% of the total variation. These factors were called the efficiency factor, the agent phenology, the branching agent and the reservoir factor, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the agronomic traits and morphological justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" Keywords: Canola, yield components, correlation analysis, stepwise regression, path analysis