: The most important factors in production and growth of cladocerans are water temperature, food quantity and quality, photoperiod and culture volume. This research was carried out in order to study the some aspects of biology and cultivation of freshwater cladoceran, Ceriodaphnia quadrangula, as live food for aquaculture industry. Three sets of experiments were designed, including; effects of different diets (6 diet treatment including, green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda , mixture of S. quadricauda and yeast, yeast, cattle manure, poultry manure, mixture of cattle and poultry manure at two high and low levels), combined effects of temperature and photoperiod (9 treatments including, 3 levels of temperature 20, 25, 30 ( ? C), 3 levels of photoperiod including 24 h light, 24 h dark and 12 h light, 12 h dark) and mass cultivation (at two levels of 10 and 50 L) of C. quadrangula . The results showed that S. quadricauda was the better diet for rearing of C. quadrangula at high algal density of 50 × 10 4 cell/ml because maximum specific growth rate (0.18 day -1 ) and the shortest population doubling time (3.85 day) obtained in these conditions . In addition, growth and production of C. quadrangula at temperature 25( ? C) and in continuos light (24 h light) was better compared to others treatmenta since the maximum density (5.5 ind./ml), maximum specific growth rate (0.24 day -1 ) and the shortest population doubling time (2.84 day) obtained in these conditions. Mass cultivation of C. quadrangula in different culture volumes (10 and 50 L) affect significantly on specific growth rate (P 0.05), 0.12 and 0.14 (day -1 ) in 10 and 50 liters of culture volume after two weeks culture, respectively, while density of C. quadrangula were 190.4 and 242.3 ind./L. Measarments of essential fatty acids in C. quadrangula showed that amount of DHA (C22:6n-3) and EPA (C20:5n-3) were 10.2 and 1.8 mg/g dry weight, which can meet the nutritional requirements of fish larvae. Overally, this research illustrated that C.quadrangula could be used as suitable live food for freshwater fish larva.