The genus Alburnus of the family Cyprinidae is distributed in Europe and northern southwest Asia with about 38 species among which 6 species are present in Iran. These species are Alburnus hohenackeri (Kessler, 1870), Alburnus atropatenae (Berg, 1925 ), Alburnus filippii (Kessler, 1877) , Alburnus zagrosensis Coad, 2009, Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstaedt, 1772), and Alburnus mossulensis (Heckel, 1843). In this study 705 specimens of Alburnus mossulensis were caught from 28 rivers of Tigris, Karun, Karkheh, Bushehr and Kor basins and fixed in %10 formalin, then transferred to the Fisheries Laboratory of the Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan university of Technology, for laboratorial investigation. A few live individuals were also traorted to the laboratory for Karyological studies. For morphological studies, 22 morphometric, 22 morphometric proportion and 16 meristic traits were used. Different methods of parametric and non-parametric, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used for statistical analyses. Kruskal-Wallis H non-parametric test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences (p 0.05) for all morphometric proportions but the coudal peduncle length/ standard length ratio. The result of KMO=0.60 and Bartlett tests (p 0.05) confirmed the suitability of the data proportions for factorial analysis. Based on the correlation matrix of the studied characters, 6 traits were extracted with total variance of %78.71having special values more than 1, as factor 1. Plotting of the first factor against the second one showed a high overlap, but partialy segregated Tigris basin from Karun basin. For meristic traits, number of scales on the lateral line, above and below the lateral line, dorsal, anal, pectoral, pelvic and caudal fin rays, predorsal and circum-caudal peduncle scales, keel scales, number of vertebrae, gill rakers and pharyngeal teeth were counted. Except for the number of pharyngeal teeth and caudal fin rays, all other traits were significantly different (p 0.05). KMO = 0.62 and Bartlett (p 0.05) tests, confirmed the suitability of meristic traits for factor analysis. Based on correlation matrix of meristic traits, five traits with total variance of %66.93 and Eigenvalues more than 1 were extracted as factor 1. Plotting the first factor against the second one, partly segregated Bushehr, Karun and Karkheh basins from other basins, but other basins are highly overlaped. The number of chromosomes in Alburnus mossulensis obtained as 2n = 48 by counting 61 Key words: Morphology, Alburnus mossulesis , Morphometric traits, Meristic traits, Karyology