Drought and water shortage have become major challenges in our country in recent years. An increase in drought occurrence may increase the risk of fire in forests and rangelands which can have many negative impacts on human life and environment. In recent decades, various approaches for fire risk mapping in forests and rangelands have been presented and applied to climate and Land Surface Temperature(LST) remote sensing data such as Keetch-Byram Drought Index(KBDI). Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to map the risk of fire in forests and rangelands using climate and satellite data in Isfahan province, Iran. KBDI is based on soil water balance and indicates the amount of moisture depleted from the soil and it ranges from 0 (minimum shortage of soil moisture with low fire possibility) to 800 (maximum shortage of soil moisture with severe fire possibility). To calculate this index; maximum daily temperature, daily rainfall and mean annual rainfall data were obtained from 17 weather stations. In addition to climatic data, five algorithms including Sobrino, Sobmao, Uliviery, Coll and Casselles and Vidal were applied to a MODIS image acquired on 18 July 2010 to extract LST in the study area. The map of fire risk based on climate data and the KBDI index was produced and normal; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none" Key words: KBDI, climatic ltr"
