Considering the decline of vegetation cover in western parts of Iran in recent years due to dust crisis, it seems necessary to use remote sensing for investigating the effect of this phenomenon on vegetation cover at local and regional scales. Thus, the current study has been done with the aim of monitoring the decline of vegetation cover in Ilamtownship using reflective and thermal satellite data. First, of the SAVI, EVI, RVI, NDVI vegetation indices were extracted from Landsat 2000 and 2014 images. Then, the changes of vegetation cover were evaluated based on the decline Keywords : vegetation decline, dust mapping, remote sensing, Landsat, MODIS