The loading, deformation, and fracture of rock during a short time include a wide range of engineering issues in earthquakes, blasting, explosion, and propagation of projectiles, which requires rock dynamics studies. The loading rate influences the rock mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully examine the rock mechanical and fracture parameters, such as compressive strength, modulus of deformability, fracture toughness, crack propagation speed, and so on with varying loading rates. On the other hand, due to the role of intrinsic factors and environmental factors affecting rock mechanical behavior and fracture, it is important to explain the intensity and weakness of each individual factor by changing the loading conditions from quasi-static to dynamic status. A literature review indicates that these two issues have received little attention previously. In the first part of this essay, therefore, the microstructures affecting the mechanical behavior of the rock, including the inherent micro-cracks and dimensions of the crystals (grain), were identified in two marbles with the same crystal type. The marbles subsequently loaded compressive loading as unconfined and confined is in the quasi-static and dynamic states. Rock mechanical properties (compressive strength and elastic modulus) depend on the strain rate and the role of inherent factors (graining dimensions and microcracks) was shown to reduce this dependence. An achievement in the first study was an inverse relationship between the amount of intrinsic rock microstructures and their compressive strength in quasi-static and dynamic loadings as well as reducing the effect of microstructures on rock compression behavior in dynamic loading compared to quasi-static loading. Subsequently, an increase in the final rock strength by increasing the loading stress in dynamic loading was compared to the quasi-static loading with respect to the microstructural differences of the two specimens. Also, the increases in the cohesion and external friction angle in the dynamic loading were compared to those of quasi-static loading using the Mohr–Coulomb criterion. In the second part of the thesis, the fracture parameters including breaking toughness, crack expansion speed, and loading rate were measured by preparing sufficient HCCD samples with central holes, as well as by designing and manufacturing an electronic circuit for monitoring the cracking rate in the quasi-static and dynamic loadings. In addition, direct relationships were determined between fracture toughness and loading rate, and between fracture toughness and crack propagation speed. The fracture force and impact pressure, crack propagation speed, dynamic fracture toughness, crack propagation speed, and loading rate were measured during each experiment. Further investigation included the relationships between such parameters as variation of the fracture force and the impact of releasing pressure bar, changes in the crack propagation speed, dynamic loading fracture, and loading rates. The results showed that the marble fracture toughness was independently associated with microstructure parameters such as grain size, fractal dimension of microcracks and fracture parameters such as crack propagation velocity and loading rate in both loading conditions. Therefore, a multivariate regression model was developed based on the microstructure parameters and fracture parameters in dynamic and quasi-static loadings. Multivariate regression model based on the fracture mechanism in marbles with same crystal type and different microstructures based on the interrelationship of fracture properties and microstructures parameters in the two quasi-static loading and dynamic loading ranges was obtained with significant level of fitness and regression coefficient of 0.99% correlation.