Kebriyan family is one of the most important families of flowering plants. The genus Kaparis belongs to the Kebriyan family, spreading in arid and semi-arid regions. Fars and parts of Isfahan province also have varieties of medicinal plants such as Capparis spinosa. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental conditions on phytochemical characteristics of Capparis spinosa in Fars and southeastern Isfahan province. The Capparis spinosa is collected from four main habitats (Larestan, Lamerd, Baghan and Fars) in Fars province and a main habitat in the southeastern part of Isfahan province (Fesharak) and the most important chemical compounds and the essence of the flower, leaf and stem of the plant were determined. Therefore, the Klevenger oil extractor was applied to extract essential oils from plant through steam distillation method and the Gas Chromatography mass spectrometry (GC / MS) was applied to determine the chemical composition. The results showed that in 5 rangelands, grouped according to the chemical compounds, different organs (flowers, stems and leaves), contain the highest amount of compounds of the essential oils including hydrocarbons and total other compounds (respectively, 83/96, 71.23% and 11.11% in sites 4, 2 and 1). In the essence of the stem, the highest amount of compounds were hydrocarbons and acid (respectively, 13.13, 63.66, 48.46 and 46.39% in sites 2, 3, 5 and 1). In the essence of leaf, the highest amount of compounds were hydrocarbons (94.67%, 67.70% and 68.09% in sites 5, 2 and 4 respectively). In order to investigate the similarity between the studied sites and Keywords: Capparis spinosa, essential oils, ecological factors, cluster analysis, ordination, Fars province, Isfahan province
