Purity of air, water and soil are the basis of human health. Recently severe pollution by solid waste, sewage and smoke was appeared in environment due to human activities and daily excessive consumption of materials in homes and in industry. Thus, in the last years several methods for recycling solid waste, wastewater and air purification have been developed by environmental friends. In the first part in this study, the feasibility of pyrolizing (carbonization) of municipal solid wastes for producing activated carbon was investigated. Adsorption process according to the high efficiency and its low cost has a great attention in the field of wastewater and air pollutions treatment. Thecarbon adsorbents according to its simplicity of the applying techniques, high adsorption efficiency (high performance) and compatibly with the environment, has the most applications among all kinds of adsorbents for absorbing pollutants sonow a days the consumptions of ithas increased. In the second part of this project the application of activated carbon for removal of chromium (VI) from waste water was tasted. For this purposes a random sample from Isfahan municipal solid waste treatment plant as the raw material was taken and all chemical and thermogravimetric analysis was done then by chemical activation method (pyrolysis under N 2 atmosphere scan rate 10 °C min –1 from room temperature to 800 °C) seven adsorbents with different ratios of activator (ZnCl 2 ) were prepared and the best one was chosen according to two standard teats (Iodine number and Methylene Blue number). It was appeared that Cz60 (60% ZnCl2/raw material) is the most appropriate adsorbent with a satisfactory adsorption capacity, 112.4 mg g–1 and 134.0 mg g–1 for Methylene Blue and Iodine respectively, also it has un acceptable yield (41%) . Then the adsorption experiments ware done from synthetic aqueous solution of chromium (VI) by this sorbent at room temperature. The results showedthe conditions of pH=2, 70 mg L -1 initial ion concentration, 2 g L -1 adsorbent dose the optimum conditions for this application. The adsorption was fairly rapid, because it doesn’t take more 100 minutes to reach the equilibrium state and kinetic data were precisely fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The experimental adsorption equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir adsorption with of 66.7 mg g –1 adsorption capacity. Also some of the physical and chemical characteristics and surface morphology by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive of X–ray analysis and BET isotherm of prepared adsorbent was determined.
