Nanocomposites development and their excellent strategic and practical properties including their high strength to weight ratio have made this class of materials draw a great deal of attention in the military, medical area, energy sector, aerospace, automotive industries, electronics, etc. This has encouraged developed countries to allocate a large investment on the development of this field. Nevertheless, production costs, equipment for the fabrication of specimens ensuring required eventual properties are amongst issues against applied research and manufacture of the end-use products. On the other hand, other key factors including filler nanoparticles orientation in polymer matrix, interphase formation, nanoparticles dispersion and their uniform distribution in the matrix phase matrix along with the degree of crystallinity in semi-crystalline polymers that govern final behavior of fabricated nanocomposites. The fabrication method is the most important factor among the aforesaid variables and, thus, the underlying one on the bulk properties of polymer nanocomposites. Considering such issues, today, cost-effective fabrication techniques, with no interference of chemicals, availability and close to traditional methods and ability in the processing of only a small amount of rather expensive materials have proven to be one underlying requirement in this avenue of research. In this thesis, the feasibility, design and fabrication of a micro extruder-injection setup, the first phase of a comprehensive project, aiming at the localization of this key device in polymer nanocomposites studies, drug compounding and food substances is presented. To fulfil this goal, both design and reverse engineering approaches using recorded literature and technical information were adopted for the design and fabrication of prototypes of screws and setup housing granting the main parts of the entire instrument. Design and calculation with respect to the input drive and torque transferred to two co-rotating-screw axes was performed on the basis of the device requirement whilst ensuring the feasibility of fabrication and assembly of the instrument The power and control unit were designed as per required working conditions in virtue of prospective capabilities of the device when combined with the second phase of the whole project. It is noteworthy to mention that this setup has other applications along with the processing of polymer nanocomposites such as food and pharmaceutic industries. It is hoped the localization of the respective technology upon the design and manufacture of thereof an excellent step is taken toward the development of the interdisciplinary sciences being named mechanical engineering and polymer sciences, nanotechnology and materials science used in applied research and job creation and progression of the nation . Keywords: Polymer Nano-Composites, Processing, Micro-compounder, Extruder