Lorestan newt ( Neurergus kaiseri ) is one of the endemic amphibians distributing in west and southwestern parts of Iran. Several factors including illegal trading, drought and climate change and habitat destruction are threatening the population of this species and have been led to the status of criticallt endangered (CR) in the IUCN Red List. Understanding the taxonomic status of existing population in the distribution areas and their genetic diversity is essential for conservation and management of this species. In this study, DNA barcodes and morphometric characteristics of the Lorestan newt populations were investigated and population differences were assessed between Northen and Southern clades. For DNA barcoding, a fragment of 651bp of Cox1 gene was amplified and sequenced. Morphometric studies are based on a series of measurements and in this study14 traits were used for morphometry and the measurements were made by a caliper to the nearest 0.01mm and showed differences in body size and shape. Geometric morphometry also includes a series of analytical methods that are used to determine the biological form, also for geometric morphometry,19 landmarks for larvae and 9 landmarks for adults were plotted in a two-dimensional image. The skeletal system is used as one important tools in recognizing and separation populations. In this study, we described the skeletal features of Lorestan newt in two northern and southern clades. ltr" Keywords : Lorestan newt, Morphometry, Osteology, Cytochrome Oxidase 1(Cox1), Conservation and managem
