Canola ( Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in term of seed yield, oil content and high quality of oil and meal and also adaptation to most of climates in Iran. In order to evaluate the agronomic traits of the M3 lines derived by induction of mutations and identification of the desirable mutant lines, an experiment with 10 × 10 simple lattice design and two replications was conducted in Agricultural Research Station of Isfahan University of Technology in Najaf Abad in 2010 to 2011. In this experiment, 94 mutant lines derived from Sarigol and RGS003 varieties produced by 800, 1000 and 1200 gamma rays were evaluated along with 6 control lines. Agronomic characteristics of days to flowering, days to maturity, lant height, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight and seed yield per plant were measured. Analysis of variance showed that there were high significant differences among the lines (p 0.01) for all studied traits. These results indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the mutant lines and in turn high efficiency of selection for seed yield and the other traits. Results of heritability estimates showed the highest broad-sense heritability was observed for days to flowering (90.1%) and the lowest one for 1000- seed weight (10.8%). A slight difference was observed between the coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation for most of the traits. The results of the correlations showed that grain yield per plant positively and significantly correlated with days to flowering, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod and 1000- seed weight. The results of stepwise regression showed that days to flowering, number of pods per plant, number seeds per pod, 1000- seed weight, explained up to 24% of the variation of seed yield. According to path analysis results, days to flowering had the highest direct effect on seed yield, while its indirect effect via seed weight and number of seeds per pod was small. The results of factor analysis identified four factors that justified 72% of the total variation. These factors were named the biological yield, the growth rate, phenology and the reservoir factors, respectively. In general, results of this study showed that there was a broad genetic diversity among the evaluated lines, which can be utilized to improve the studied traits. Keywords: Canola, Induced-mutation, Agronomic Traits, genetic diversity,mutant lines