Currently, the issue of replacing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with new binders to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from cement production and improve the performance of concrete made with Portland cement is now accepted. It is believed by many researchers to be an alkaline binder made from a mixture of aluminosilicates and alkali activators due to its positive environmental effects and good performance such as high mechanical properties, high acid resistance, fire, freeze and thaw and abrasion compared to conventional concrete, it can be a good replacement for Portland cement. Much of the research on alkali-activated binder is on alkali-activated slag. Slag is a by-product of the iron industry, and because of its high calcium content, it has a special place in the production of alkali-activated binders. Conventional alkali-activated are two-part that composed of two components with water. Two-part alkali-activated are viscous, hard, and, as such, difficult to handle and non-user friendly and more expensive than dry matter. To solve the problems caused by two-part alkali-activated binders, one-part alkali-activated binders have been proposed which are consist of a solid aluminosilicate precursor, a solid alkali source and possible additives in combination with water. One-part alkali-activated binders, in addition to solve the above problems, are suitable in cast-in-situ applications. Therefore, the development of one-part alkali-activated binders are an important step towards commercialization and mass production of this product. But concerns about the lack of knowledge of the long-term properties of these types of concrete have prevented their widespread use in construction. Shrinkage occurs as water enters and exits the concrete, causing volumetric changes in the concrete and causing axial deformation in the concrete, which can lead to significant deformation. In structural components whose deformation is restricted, if the controls are not implemented, the shrinkage will cause tension and consequently crack which can lead to service failure and durability. In structural design, the weight of the structure is very important as a large part of the total load on the structure. Reducing the weight of the structure reduces the gravity loads and lateral forces caused by the earthquake and reduces the size of the structural members and saves material consumption. It is also important to check the shrinkage in lightweight concrete. The main purpose of this study was to produce one-part lightweight alkali-activated slag concrete and to investigate its compressive strength and drying shrinkage performance under different parameters. In this research, Leca (lightweight aggregate), slag, sodium metasilicate (5H2O) was used for making samples. In order to investigate the effect of processing conditions on the performance of this type of concrete, two types of water curing and plastic cover curing were selected. Variable parameters in this study included slag with two amounts of 400 and 475 kg / m3, sodium metasilicate ratio of 0.18 and 0.20 and aggregates composition of fine and coarse aggregate and lightweight Leca. The compressive strength of the specimens was measured at 7, 28 and 90 days and was applied to the specimen for 180 days after curing for measuring drying shrinkage. The results showed that increasing the slag grade in the concrete mix increased the compressive strength as well as the increase in the drying shrinkage in the one-part lightweight alkali-activated slag concrete. Increasing the amount of sodium metasilicate in the binder also increased the compressive strength and drying shrinkage. The effect of type of curing on drying shrinkage showed that the plastic cover curing resulted more drying shrinkage of samples. In the study of the composition of lightweight and usual aggregates, it was observed that sand-coarse Leca composition caused the highest compressive strength and drying shrinkage. Finally, based on the proposed models for ordinary concrete and the experimental results, an analytical model to predict the drying shrinkage of the samples of this study is presented.