Vosha plant ( Dorema ammoniacum D. Don) with Persian names, Ushaq, Kandal belongs to Apiaceae family and dorema genus. It is one of the most important endemic medicinal plants in its family which grows in the arid and semi-arid areas in some regions of Iran. Several therapuetic cases have been reported in traditional medicine for this plant and also its resin gum. The plant along with its gum has medicinal properties such as cough, vasodilator and anti flatulence. Also, the mentioned plant has various applications in the fields of food, cosmetic and detergent industries. This study was carried out with aim of the extraction and identification of constituents of Dorema ammoniacum D. Don. in its natural habitat situated in the Bardasiab zone of the Fereydunshahr county. For this purpose, the stems and leaves of the mentioned plant were collected, dried and milled finally. Following that the essential oil of the plant was isolated by hydro-distillation method and analyzed by GC/MS device. The results indicated that major components were limonene (49.18%), neophytadiene (10.21%), beta-caryophyllene (3.54%), phytol (2.61%), neryl aceton (1.46%). Regarding to the importance of biological synthesis of nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles was synthesized using aerial parts extract of Dorema ammoniacum D. Don. Morphology and properties of the made nano particles using various tools and techniques such as transmission electron microscopy methods, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were studied.The average size of silver nanoparticles was recorded between 24.5 to 30 nm. The silver nanoparticles antimicrobial activity against of the Gram-positive bacteria ( Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus ) and gram-negative ( Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium ) were studied using agar disk diffusion method and also it was observed a strong antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles. The Minimum Inihibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concenteration Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against mentioned bacteria were calculated and the value of minimum ratio of Bactericidal Concenteration and the Minimum Concenteration of Inihibitory is shown equal 2. It means that silver nanoparticles are containing substantial effectiveness in antibacterial activities. Bio synthesis silver of nanoparticles using plant extraction in comparison with chemical and physical methods could be less costly so that it is produced a less hazardous byproduct and ecofriendly.
