: Understanding the behavior of plant species in relation to ecological factors is an effective guide in programs for improvement, restoration, development and proper use of rangelands. Considering the effect of grazing livestock type on vegetation changes and the importance of recognizing vegetation characteristics in proper management of rangeland ecosystems, the present study compares some plant characteristics and the effect of grazing livestock type on physical and chemical properties of soil in three grazing groups: 1) Wildlife; 2) Domestic and wild livestock and 3) domestic livestock in the protected area of Moteh, Isfahan province. For this purpose, after a field visit, the mentioned grazing areas were determined. For each grazing area, three sites were determined as repetition, according to the homogeneity of soil conditions and vegetation composition, and at each site, the sampling plot area was determined by the minimum area method. In each rangeland, all plant species were identified and vegetation characteristics such as canopy percentage and density were recorded using a random-systematic method. Soil sampling was performed in rangeland locations from a depth of 0-30 cm of soil surface and transferred to the laboratory. The most important physical and chemical properties of soil including soil texture, aggregate stability, acidity, Ec, percentage of absorbed phosphorus, soil organic matter, organic carbon content , Bulk density and percentage of total nitrogen were measured using standard methods. For each rangeland, different indices of species richness, uniformity and species diversity were calculated based on plant species density and compared using analysis of variance. Also, the relationship between environmental and managerial factors with the distribution of plant species was investigated using principal component analysis (RDA) and clustering analysis was used to group the sampling plots. The results showed that in the areas under grazing of vegetation canopy, species diversity had a significant increase (? = 5%). Analysis of variance and mean test showed that the amount of organic matter, carbon content, clay percentage and aggregate stability in the plots under grazing of wildlife is more than the places under grazing of domestic animals. However, in areas under livestock grazing, the percentage of sand and specific gravity of soil is higher than other grazing areas. Examination of the results of principal component analysis (RDA) showed that the most influential factors in the separation of ecological groups are soil parameters including organic matter, organic carbon, bulk density and stability of aggregates. Also, comparing the diversity indices of the three regions showed that the diversity and species richness in the wildlife grazing area is more than other regions and the Fisher-Alpha diversity index has a better performance than other indices. The highest prevalence was observed in the livestock grazing area and the lowest in the wildlife grazing area (? = 5%).