Foot and mouth (FMD) is one of the most important infectious diseases in dairy herds in the world, which imposes a lot of financial losses to this industry that depending on the size of the herd and its management can affect the prevalence of the disease every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and estimation of production, performance consequence and finally financial losses due by FMD in Iranian Holstein cows. In this study, information of 20,330 livestock were used from 9 herds during the years 2009-2019. The incidence and cull due to FMD in studied herds were calculated using the frequency procedure (Proc Freq) and were 43 and 11%, respectively. The fixed effects in the model included herd, parity, season, BCS, type of calving, occurrence of FMD, calving season and interactions of FMD with parity and season. The results of logistic regression showed that all factors in the model had a significant effect on the incidence of these variables ( P 0.0001). In this study, it was shown that variables such as parity, season, type of calving, calving season and BCS have a significant of FMD ( P 0.0001), so that the first lactation cows with skinny BCS, which have abortion or stillbirth in winter, greatly increase the incidence of FMD. Also, the Odds ratio (OR) showed that between the occurrence of FMD and some studied factors such as the incidence of abortion with a OR of 6.58 and incidence of stillbirth with a OR of 3.2 increased compared to healthy cows ( P 0.0001) while weight loss due to FMD in animals of middle and high BCS decreased ( P 0.0001) with a OR of 0.26 and 0.04, respectively. The results of least squares mean showed that the occurrence of FMD had negative and significant effects on milk production, reproduction and BCS. The effect of this disease on traits related to milk production, including FCM, a reduction of 845.9 kg per cow ( P 0.0001) and in parallel caused a significant reduction ( P 0.0001) 44.1 kg in milk fat contant and a decrease of 2.3 kg in milk prorein contant ( P 0.2). Occurrence of FMD has a significant incearse ( P 0.0001) in the number of inseminations by 0.2 and in addition, 30.9 days increase in calving interval, one day in pregnancy length and 13.7 days increase in open days. Finally, the estimate of the average economic conseguence for each case of FMD was 135293 thousand Rials, with the largest share related to the cost of cull and replacement with 27% to 37019 thousand Rials, followed by a decrease in reproductive performance by 22% and by it was 29944 thousand Rials. Other factors involved in financial losses for each case of FMD are losses due to reduction of milk production with a share of 17% and the cost of 23161 thousand Rials, discarded milk with a share of 12% and 16108 thousand Rials in the next rank, mortality with a share of 10% and 13870 thousand Rials, loss in body weight with a share of 9% and 11600 thousand Rials, respectively. The cost of vaccination, medicine and supplamentation, treatment and veterinary medicine with a share of 2% and the cost of 2680 thousand Rials and finally the cost of labor with a share of 1% and a cost of 912 thousand Rials were included. Finally, this study showed that the incidence of FMD in different seasons and different parity can have different effects and depending on how each herd is managed, the amount of these effects can be more or less. Key Words: Foot and mouth (FMD), Economic consequence, Economic model of the disease, Productive and reproductive performance, Morbidity, Fertality, Mortality, Holstein cow