Couette-Taylor flow is a flow between two concentric cylinders when the rotation of the inner rotating cylinder exceeds a critical. In this case, the Taylor vortices as hydrodynamic instabilities are appeared. The geometric simplicity and hydrodynamic instabilities have attracted researches to study this flow. The main goal of this research is to analyze the Couette-Taylor flow associated with axial flow by means of numerical study and experimental data analysis. A numerical method and experimental setup are presented to study the flow characteristics of the Couette-Taylor flow. The Couette-Taylor flow in a wide range of Taylor numbers is considered and hydrodynamic characteristics of the flow such as velocity and pressure distributions, flow pattern wavelength, transient Taylor numbers, and vortex distribution in the different flow regimes are studied. Also, by using LES turbulence model, the different flow regions of turbulent flow are detected and studied. Base on the experimental limitation, the experiments are done up to Re=3000 and Ta=1300. While, numerical simulations are performed for up to very high Taylor numbers (Ta?51000). The variation of wavelength of the flow pattern with respect to the Taylor number demonstrates that in the turbulent flow, the flow patterns and characteristics are divided into three regions. In the first region, duo to effects of azimuthal wave in the flow field, by increasing the Taylor numbers, the variation of wavelength of the flow is not prescribed and the wavelength is increased and decreased continuously. In the second region, the turbulent flow is developed and the wavelength of the flow is approximately constant. For the third region, the flow shear rate and velocity gradients are increased gradually, hence the wavelength of the flow is increased as well. Finally, the flow history effects of axial flow on Couette-Taylor flow as direct and inverse protocols are examined. The direct protocol consists in imposing an azimuthal flow to the inner cylinder and then axial flow is superimposed. While the second protocol, the inverse protocol, consists of in imposing the axial flow first, then the azimuthal flow. Two mathematical models to calculate the critical axial Reynolds number for direct protocol and critical Taylor number for inverse protocol are presented. The results showed that the inverse protocol is more stabile and the vortex structures are appeared with delay. Keywords: Couette-Taylor Flow, Axial Flow, Taylor Number, Stability, Flow History