Ensuring energy supply in the world is one of the strategic issues facing all countries. Energy policy making and planning requires a comprehensive cognition of consumption and the variables affecting it and energy consumption forecasting. For this purpose, In this study, try to identify the structure of energy consumption behavior in Iran and then provide a practical and accurate model to predict energy consumption in Iran. in the first part of the study, the most effective descriptive variables for energy consumption were obtained through a questionnaire. According to experts in the energy field, 36 variables affecting energy consumption were selected in 3 areas (economic, social and environmental) for years 1346 to 1395. Then, stepwise regression was used to reduce the model size and identify the most effective variables