Drought and salinity stresses are the most important environmental factors that limit the growth of lawn in arid and semi-arid areas. The stresses are the major challenges in lawn management which are the results of limitation of sweet water for irrigation and increase in the non-drinkable water for the lawn irrigation. Using resistant species and genotypes is one of the most important strategies for reducing the water need and resistance to the stresses. Due to the specific conditions in Iran land and the ability of plants in adaptation with the conditions of any filed for long years, the probability of presence of thin-leaf resistant species to the stresses is very high in Iranian lawn germplasm. To do so, 5 experiments were carried out on 20 populations of Iranian wheatgrass and Tall fescue cultivar Van Gogh. In the first experiment, assessment of germination and seedling growth indexes of wheatgrass populations were conducted in the drought and salinity stresses, using different factorial experiments in complete randomized block design with four replications. The results showed that populations of Fereidan, Ardakan, Shahroud, Mobareke, Jiroft, Sabzevar and Tall fescue cultivar Van Gogh had good tolerance in the germination step and seedling growth against drought stress and populations of Farydan, Ardakan, Shahroud, Jiroft and Tall fescue cultivar Van Gogh had good tolerance in the germination step and seedling growth against the salinity stress. In the second experiment, quality determination and morphological characteristics of wheatgrass populations in factorial experiment in complete randomized block design with four replications, were done. The results showed 11 populations had appropriate quality (score 6 or above), appropriate tissues (lower than 3mm) and high tillering which represents the optimum yield of lawn quality in these populations, therefore they can be used as lawn. The aim of third experiment was to investigate the extent of self-incompatibility and pollination system in the wheatgrass populations. It was done in complete randomized block design with four replications. The results showed that a high genetic diversity among the populations studied based on morphological and seed characteristics. Selfing was varied from 0% to 17.72% in Gheydar and Saveh and Darab populations, respectively. The highest and lowest percentage of self-incompatibility were in Darab (21/7%) and Gheydar and Saveh (0%), respectively. In the fourth experiment, assessment of cytogenetic diversity and study of ploidy level were done in wheatgrass population in the complete randomized experimental design. The results of this experiment showed a high diversity in the ploidy level among genotypes studied and tetraploid, hexaploid, tetraploid, decaploid and diploid levels were observed. The populations had 7-base chromosome. In the fifth experiment, the study of some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics to the drought and salinity stresses in for populations, using factorial experiment in complete randomized block design with four replications, was conducted. The result showed that drought and salinity stresses decreased the height, tissues, and tillering, dry and fresh weight of shoot. The amount of these reductions in Ardakan population was lower than three other populations. In Ardakan population showed appropriate quality (score 6 or above) and lower dryness percentage during 15-30 days after stress starts. Jiroft and Sabzevar populations showed appropriate quality (score 6 or above), 15 days after the drought and salinity stresses start, then, lawn quality decreased. The drought and salinity stresses reduced the non-structural carbohydrate and chlorophyll, soluble sugar and relative water content. The amount of these reductions in Ardakan was lower than the other populations. As the drought and salinity stresses take long time, electrolyte leakage, peroxidation of fatty acids and peroxide hydrogen were considerably increased in the populations. The lowest electrolyte leakage, peroxidation of fatty acids and peroxide hydrogen was observed in Ardakan population. The result showed the amount of proline, the activity of diamine oxidase enzymes, polyamine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione in the population were higher than the other populations. Finally based on the experimental results, it can be stated that Ardakan population can be used as a low-input lawn in the urban green spaces which face drought and salinity stresses. Keywords: Drought stress, Salinity stress, Wheatgrass, Pollination systems, Cytogenetic, Flow cytometry