Sarta longhorned beetle, Aeolesthes sarta Solsky is one of the most destructive wood borer pests of fruit and ornamental trees in Iran. In this research, infestation rate of different trees, biology, seasonality, reproductive parameters, host preference and efficacy of some chemical control methods were studied. To study the biology of the pest, a whole tree and two main branches of two other trees of Ulmus carpinifolia were taken biweekly, but in a particular life stages of the pest sampling was conducted weekly in 2004-2005. The trunk and branches were split and the number of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults were recorded. The pest generation was carefully determined by artificial infestation of 14 intact trees. The trend of overwintered adult emergence was evaluated by daily iection of the infested logs in the cages. Reproductive parameters were studied by releasing a pair of adults on the cagged cut pieces of U. carpinifolia in 15 replicates and fertility table was made using this data. Oviposition preference and larval performance were studied in choice and no-choice experiments on different tree species in 4 replicates. The effect of different insecticides on adult survival and oviposition was evaluated under laboratory conditions with 5 treatments including Clorpyrifos, Carbaryl, Permethrin, Imidacloprid and water in 4 replicates. Two systemic insecticides, Oxydemetonmethyl and Imidacloprid were applied through soil and trunk injection to control first larval instar. Results showed that U. carpinifolia had the highest infestation rate (37.7%). The first overwintered adults emerged in early April until late May. Oviposition peaked in early May, two weeks after the adult emergence peak. The young larvae were abundant in early June and pupae peaked in early September. Initially, new adults appeared in pupal cells in late August and peaked in late October. The adults remained in pupal cell until next spring. Thirty five percent of the insect population completed their life cycle in one year and the rest in two years. The pest overwintered as adult and late larval stages. Preoviposition period after adult emergence and oviposition period were 3.9±0.2 and 16.6±0.6 days, respectively. The average number of deposited eggs per female was 122.6±17.5. Because of longest mean generation time (T), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was very low (0.00672). The results of choice and no-choice experiments showed that U. carpinifolia and U. carpinifolia var. umbraculifera were the most suitable hosts, because of the highest oviposition preference, the lowest larval mortality and the highest larval performance. The other preferred hosts were Salix alba, Platanus orientalis, Populus alba and Fraxinus persica, respectively. In bark spray, the efficacy of Imidacloprid and r.