Pomegranate (Punica granatum), an ancient fruit and known as a heavenly fruit with deep roots in Mediterranean and Near Eastern including Iranian cultures, which has been cultivated more than two thousand years. Although the origin and home of pomegranate is not yet completely known, historical observations and opinion of most of scientists testify to the point that Iran was the major origin of pomegranate, and it has distributed to other regions of world since it grows in diverse climatic condition. Due to importance of pomegranate and also since Iran is one of biggest producers of this fruit, so besides necessity in preserving this natural asset, it seems also necessary to pay attention to more research in order to know native pomegranates and Keywords: pomegranate, CAPS and dCAPS markers, genetic diversity, AMOVA
