Vibration of axially moving cables has investigated due to its importance and abundant usages in many engineering equipment, such as power transmission belts, tape drives, lift string, cranes and elevators. Purpose of this study is to investigate nonlinear vibration of axially moving cables in a thermal environment. The vibration characteristics of the system such as natural frequencies, amplitude time response and stability states are investigated in different temperatures. The velocity of the axial movement is assumed to be constant with minor harmonic variations. Also, the system and environment are in thermal equilibrium. For this purpose, equation of motion of the system and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton’s principle and solved by using multiple time scales method. Vibration is investigated for three different cases of excitation frequency (?). Finally, the effect of the temperature on vibration characteristics of the system such as linear and nonlinear natural frequencies, stability of the system and critical speeds have been studied. The vibrations of the system are studied by considering the supports as ideal and non-ideal boundary condition and two modes. Keywords: Axially moving cables, Nonlinear vibration, Hamilton's principle, Multiple time scales method, Critical speeds