Regarding to the consequences and damages caused by degradation and erosion in watersheds, identification of erosion areas is of major importance in the development of a land and water resources management plan for sustainable development. In order to properly manage the erosion reduction and damage caused by it strategy, the effects of various natural factors and biological operations on the reduction of erosion must be measured. Various methods are used to measure soil erosion and deposition, which is the measurement of soil erosion using a rainfall simulator, one of the most practicable of these methods. Therefore, the present study, has been evaluated the impact of vegetation, land use and biological operations on soil erosion by a rainfall simulator, By considering the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the Golpayegan Ghorghan watershed. For this purpose, firstly after generalization of the mean rainfall of the stations around the watershed, the intensity-duration-frequency curves of the stations was examined to determine the severity of the short-term rainfall in the area. Then, were identified homogeneous work units by preparing topographic maps such as gradient and direction of slop, land use map and communities of pasture plants and geological formations maps. With the establishment of rain simulator in each of these homogeneous units, were measured sediment and artificial runoff with three replications. At the same time, were sampled from the soil and lump of each plot at depths of 10-10 and 30-30 cm to determine the physical and chemical properties of each area (including sediment weight, soil specific gravity, soil acidity, soil electrical conductivity, Aggregate stability, soil texture, organic matter percentage and soil lime). After analyzing the normality of the data with Andson Darling test, using ANOVA, was studied the effect of some surface and depth factors on runoff and sediment production individually and then groupwise. Also, to study the soil conditions and runoff / sediment production, by using clustering of some soil characteristics and principal components analysis (PCA), the relationship between the main and effective characteristics of soil on runoff and sediment, the variation (variance) and their correlation with Runoff and sediment were monitored for each landuse. The results show that the changes in the formations or the slope have a significant difference in runoff / sediment production; however, in the same landuse and in the same gradient and direction of slop with changes in the formations, especially Gray to green greywacke sandstone With layers inside of Sheila formation, there is a significant difference in production Runoff / sediment, However, the variations in the landuse in the study do not differ significantly in runoff and sediment production. In agricultural use due to low slope, soil physical variables play a major role in runoff and sediment production, while in rangeland applications, most of the topographic features such as the slope class play this role. It was also determined that the variables PH, EC and CaCo3 have inverse relationship with runoff production, but in the case of sedimentation, PH,% O.M and MWD variables decrease and the EC variable increases the sediment yield.