The chaotic vibration analysis of a rotating flexible continuous shaft-disk system with rubbing is studied. The system is modeled as a continuous shaft with a rigid disk in its midsection with Coriolis and centrifugal effects included. The governing partial differential equations of motion are extracted based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The assumed modes method is used to discretize partial differential equations and the resulting equations are solved via numerical methods. Time series, phase plane portrait, power spectra, Poincaré map, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents are used to analyze the vibration behavior of the system. Initially, the effects of certain parameters, such as speed ratio, damping coefficient and exciting force coefficient with and without Coriolis and centrifugal effects are studied. Then, the effects of disk position nonlinearities, the lateral-torsional coupling effects and the influence of end-support conditions on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rotating flexible shaft-disk system are obtained and discussed in detail. Keywords: Flexible shaft; Rub-impact; Dynamic behavior; Lateral-torsional coupling; eight-coefficient bearings.