Soil erosion and sediment deposition represent serious problem in the word, especially in hilly regions with undulating topography. Several techniques have been developed and used to measure soil erosion and deposition throughout the world. Use of nuclear techniques in erosion monitoring and especially for quantification of soil loss has offered a fast and economical tool to estimate erosion rate. Cesium-137 is an artificial radionuclide with a high gamma radiation and half-life of 30.2 years, which was released into the environment as a result of nuclear weapons tests primarily during the 1950-1970. Cesium-137 fallout reaches the earth’s surface mostly as a result of precipitation and is strongly and rapidly adsorbed by fine soil colloidal particles such as clay minerals and organic matter in the topsoil. Chemical or biological removal of Cs-137 from soil particles is limited and it is assumed that only physical processes moving soil particles such as soil erosion and tillage practice are involved in the Cs-137 traort. Magnetic techniques provide a rapid, accurate, non-destructive and are relatively easy way been used to study soil erosion and trace topsoil movement on a hill slope. In the Feridounshahr region of Isfahan province, soil erosion rate have increased dramatically over natural rates as a result of human activities. Therefore, the objective of this study to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic measurements for assessing soil redistribution by comparing with Cs-137 technique results in natural pasture and cultivated soils. Determining of soil redistribution rate was the other goal of this research. The selected study area was located at hilly region with pasture and cultivation land use of Feridounshahr, Isfahan province in west of Iran . Based upon the landform features(summit, shoulder, back and foot slope), and in 24 point from three depth ( 0-10, 10-20 , 20-30 cm), one hundred samples were collected in an area of 15×15 cm. Soil samples were air-dried and sieved using a 2 mm sieve. Soil samples (500 g) were then placed in Marinelli beakers and sealed for Cs-137 analysis by gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this study, a set of environmental magnetic parameters including magnetic susceptibility at low frequency (?lf) and magnetic susceptibility at high frequency (?lh) were measured. Magnetic susceptibility was measured at low frequency (0.46 kHz; ?lf) and high frequency (4.6 kHz) using a Bartington MS2 dual frequency sensor. The results of correlation analysis showed that among of all physico-chemical and magnetic properties, the magnetic susceptibility at low frequency (r = 0.83 **) in the pasture land and magnetic susceptibility at high frequency (r = 0.89 **) in the cultivated land, had the highest correlation with Cs-137 inventory. Throughout the multivariate regression analysis, in the pasture land, magnetic susceptibility at low frequency (r = 0.68 **) and the cultivated land, magnetic susceptibility at high frequency (r = 0.79 **) were introduced as independent variables for regression models developed in pasture and cultivated land, respectively. The results implied that the use of magnetic susceptibility solely could explain all the variability of soil redistribution in the studied hilly region. Using Cs-137 technique, average soil loss in the pasture land (46.4 t/ha.yr) significantly (p 0.05) was lower than the average soil loss in the cultivated land (80.4 t/ha.yr ). The highest soil loss in both land uses, were obtained in the shoulder position, 60.1 and 84.4 t/ha.yr, respectively, for pasture and cultivated land. Magnetic susceptibility was significantly (p 0.05) in pasture land more than cultivated land with the higher soil loss rate. Moreover, the highest rates of soil deposition was observed in foot slope position in both land uses and were 34 and 32.4 t/ ha.yr for pasture and cultivated land, respectively. Pasture land with lower soil loss showed the significantly higher magnetic susceptibility in all landform positions as compared than cultivated land. The lowest magnetic susceptibility was surveyed in the shoulder position of both land uses in the company of the highest soil loss rate. In contrast, the highest magnetic susceptibility value was found in the foot slope position with the highest soil deposition rate for both land uses. In overall, we concluded that very fine ferromagnetic mineral particles and especially magnetite and maghemaite nanoparticles, produced by pedogenesis process, and then have been traorted by soil erosion and deposition processes together with clay particles along the hill slope.