This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hydrocarbon pollutants and changes in soil iron forms and magnetic susceptibility in order to explore the efficacy of magnetic susceptibility as a cost effective and rapid tracer for evaluating hydrocarbon pollutants in polluted soils around the oil refinery of Isfahan. Hydrocarbon compounds might affect soil magnetic susceptibility through controlling the rate of reduction and oxidation processes in soils. In this study sixty locations were selected in the studied area and soil samples were collected from two depths of 0-10 and 10-30 cm were selected including different distribution of polluted by hydrocarbons. In the laboratory the various forms of iron and magnetic susceptibility at low and high frequencies were measured. Some physicochemical properties of soil including pH, electrical conductivity and calcium carbonate content were determined in samples. Also, for exploring the rate of pollution and timing after pollution, four different soil textures (sandy loam, silty loam, clay and sandy) were selected and polluted by 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 % by hydrocarbons. After 1, 3 and 6 month incubation at 25°C magnetic susceptibility (0.46 KHZ (?lf) and 4.6 KHZ (?hf), iron forms (total Fe (Fe t ), dithionite, extractable Fe (Fe d ) and Oxalate extractable Fe (Fe o ) and hydrocarbon concentration were measured. After 6 months in some samples the frequency of magnetite and maghemite were determined by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that, with aging and increasing of contamination level, magnetic susceptibility Fed and Fe o content, and frequency of magnetite and maghemite were increased. Total Fe also was enhanced in all treated soils because of existence some metals as well as iron in oil products. Significant correlation (r=0.88, P 0.01), was found between magnetic susceptibility and hydrocarbon contaminants in soils. Moreover, significant relationships were obtained between magnetic susceptibility in iron forms. Hydrocarbon could prevent of iron crystallization in polluted soils and might cause to enhancement of non-crystalized iron. Enhancement of magnetic susceptibility in polluted soils by hydrocarbons, may be due to transformation of hematite to magnetite under reduction circumstances in polluted soils. In overall, it is concluded that contamination of soils by hydrocarbons could influence the magnetic susceptibility and therefore, magnetic measurements could be successfully applied for exploring hydrocarbon contaminations in soil as a rapid, non-destructive and cost effective tool. Keywords Magnetic susceptibility, Magnetite and Magemite minerals, Dithionite iron, Petroleum hydrocarbons, Oxalate iron