In the recent century, with growth of technology, the amount of industrial waste has been increased. Since few years ago an increase in the price of raw materials and awareness of the adverse effects of industrial waste on human beings and environment, caused serious attentions in monitoring and managing waste materials produced by industries. The management and control from production to final disposal of waste should carefully studied and controlled. Nowadays in developing countries, including Iran, a large amount of waste is produced by Molasses-based distilleries industry. In the Alavijeh alcohol factory date and beet are used to produce alcohol. Using an effective method of biological processes is a solution for sewage treatment and using this wastewaters in the agriculture. The important issue in these systems, is proper understanding of the biological process which has been used. In this study, the biological system and Upflow anaerobic Baffled Reactor (UABR) is used for purpose of wastewater treatment of Alcohol factory. Another goal of this research is to reduce Hydrualic Retention Time (HRT) with efficient removal of organic matter. Studies on the basic and controlies parameters are conducted. The experiments are designed based on analysis and parameters were measured using permanent sampling.The pilot that was Analyzed on loading of (1/28, 1/73, 2/54, 3,47, 4,39, 5/78) gCOD/l.d and Hydraulic Retention Time (7/17, 7/14, 4/83, 3/52, 2/75, 2/09) day. The results showed average elimination of 84 percent in BOD5 and 79/30 percent in COD. Optimal retention time was obtained 7/17 day with 88/01 removal rate of COD and 89/30 removal rate of BOD5. TSS and VSS removal efficiency for optimum efficiency were 59/6 and 56/12. In the best hydraulic retention time (7/17 day), 40/11 % of COD removal was done in the first chamber that the process of hydrolysis and acidification occurs. The removal of 50.05% of remaining COD was occurred in other reactor compartments that are 16/28, 12/24, 8/31, 7/10 and 6/12 percentage, respectively.The concentration of acetic acid and propionic and butyric acid at loading of 1/28 gCOD/l.d are respectively 306/08, 79/68 and 46/48 mg per liter, so with an increase in loading, concentrations of fatty acids gradually increases and at 5/87 gCOD/l.d loading, concentrations will respectively reach at 2132/07, 616/66 and 335/32 mg per liter. Keywords: Anaerobic baffled reactor, Hydraulic retention time, Biological treatment, Industrial waste