Potassium is an essential element for plant growth and the amount of potassium required by plants is more than nitrogen but less than phosphorus. For proper land use planning, understanding the status of nutritional elements (such as potassium) is essential. Given the importance of the Isfahan province as one of the most important agricultural areas, the objective of this study was to understand the influence of soil properties, parent materials and climatic parameters on potassium status in soils using modeling and mapping of the spatial distribution of different forms of potassium. A total of 252 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from the study area with different parent materials using random sampling. Also, 44 samples were taken from dominant the soil parent rocks. Soluble K was measured in saturation extract and exchangeable K by sequential extraction procedure. The amount of Pseudototal K was determined using the method of boiling in 1 M nitric acid solution and available K by ammonium acetate extraction method. Other soil physical and chemical properties including electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter, gypsum, carbonates, texture, and sodium absorption ratio were measured by the routine laboratory methods. Descriptive statistics for different properties were obtained and the relationships between soil characteristics and different forms of potassium in soils were investigated. After normalizing the data for geostatistical analysis and determining the best semivariogram model, the spatial distribution of different forms of K was mapped using ordinary kriging. The risk map of available K was also prepared using indicator kriging. Statistical analysis showed that available K is below the critical level of 160 mg/kg in only 1% of the soils and below the critical level of 250 mg/kg in 6% of the samples. Soils derived from limestone parent materials contain more available and soluble K than the soils developed on other parent materials. Also, soils derived from igneous rocks such as diorite have more total and non-exchangeable . The results also showed that the total, available, exchangeable and non-exchangeable K were positively correlated with soil organic matter, clay content, rain, and altitude and negatively correlated with sand content, temperature and sodium adsorption ratio. The sand fractions seem to have low potassium content whereas clay fraction may have a lot of K-bearing minerals. Fine-textured soils have more potassium than the coarse-textured soils. Different forms of potassium have certain spatial distribution patterns. Analysis of spatial structure of different forms of soil K indicated that the total, available, soluble, available and non-available K in the study soils were moderately spatial dependent. Results also showed that factors such as high carbonates, low organic matter and high salinity due to the dry climate in eastern parts of the study area seemed to be responsible for the low levels of available and exchangeable potassium in the study area. The low clay content appears to be the main reason for the low levels of exchangeable K in the eastern part of the study area. Soluble potassium in the study area does not follow any particular spatial pattern and its its low concentration in eastern Isfahan can be attributed to the presence of sand dunes. High concentrations of total and non-exchangable potassium in central, wes