Skip to main content
SUPERVISOR
Akram Zamani foroshani,Keikhosro Karimi
اکرم زمانی فروشانی (استاد راهنما) کیخسرو کریمی (استاد راهنما)
 
STUDENT
Zahra Sadat Safaei
زهراسادات صفائی

FACULTY - DEPARTMENT

دانشکده مهندسی شیمی
DEGREE
Master of Science (MSc)
YEAR
1390
Chitosan is a copolymer of glucosamine (GlcN) and N -acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) units that glucosamine units are predominant in that structure. Chitosan has numerous applications in biotechnology, food, agriculture, pharmacy and medical and commercially produce by deacetylation of chitin in shells of crustaceansin the presence of concentrated NaOH solutions at high temperatures. Nowadays the alternative source of chitosan is cell wall of zygomycetes fungi in which chitosan appears naturally. Last studies show fungal cultivation conditions including formulation of culture media influence the growth of zygomycetes and amount of chitosan in their cell wallstrongly. In this study effects of phosphors, potassium, yeast extract, trace metals and two plant growth hormones i.e. indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) was studied on chitosan production by M.indicus. At first a semi-synthetic culture media was used that usually use for ethanol production from fungi and GlcN content was 14 %.At first step the effects of plant growth hormones were investigated. Maximum content of GlcN was observed at 1 mg/l of both hormones. Increasing from 14% to 45% and 34% was obtained by using 1mg/l of IAA and KIN respectively. In the next step effects of phosphate on chitosan production was studied .KH 2 PO 4 was removed from culture media and different concentration of phosphoric acid was added .In this step potassium concentration was kept constant by adding 1.44 g/l KOH to all of the samples. The highest GlcN yield (32%) was achieved at culture media without phosphate. In the next step the effects of potassium concentration in presence of optimum concentrations of phosphate, IAA and KIN was acquired. By using 2/5 g/l KOH, maximum GlcN content (0.42) was obtained. Also the effect of using trace metals solution was determined in this step. The results showed significant improvement in chitosan production so that GlcN yield was increased from 42% to 50 % in optimum concentration of potassium (2.5 g/l KOH).. Final step of this study was assigned to effects of yeast extract in optimum amounts of phosphate, potassium, hormones and in presence of trace metals solution. Remarkable increasing in chitin production and reduction in chitosan yield was resulted in absence of yeast extract or concentration of less than 2 g/lwhile noteworthy intensifying in chitosan production was observed at higher concentration of yeast extract and maximum of GlcN yield (51%) was obtained at 5 g/l of it. Higher concentrations of yeast extract had negative effect on chitosan content and GlcN yield return to 17-20 % again. Key words: chitosan, glucosamine, indole-3-acetic acid, kinetin, phosphate, potassium, trace metals, yeast extract
Chitosan is a copolymer of glucosamine (GlcN) and N -acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) units that glucosamine units are predominant in that structure. Chitosan has numerous applications in biotechnology, food, agriculture, pharmacy and medical and commercially produce by deacetylation of chitin in shells of crustaceansin the presence of concentrated NaOH solutions at high temperatures. Nowadays the alternative source of chitosan is cell wall of zygomycetes fungi in which chitosan appears naturally. Last studies show fungal cultivation conditions including formulation of culture media influence the growth of zygomycetes and amount of chitosan in their cell wallstrongly. In this study effects of phosphors, potassium, yeast extract, trace metals and two plant growth hormones i.e. indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) was studied on chitosan production by M.indicus. At first a semi-synthetic culture media was used that usually use for ethanol production from fungi and GlcN content was 14 %.At first step the effects of plant growth hormones were investigated. Maximum content of GlcN was observed at 1 mg/l of both hormones. Increasing from 14% to 45% and 34% was obtained by using 1mg/l of IAA and KIN respectively. In the next step effects of phosphate on chitosan production was studied .KH 2 PO 4 was removed from culture media and different concentration of phosphoric acid was added .In this step potassium concentration was kept constant by adding 1.44 g/l KOH to all of the samples. The highest GlcN yield (32%) was achieved at culture media without phosphate. In the next step the effects of potassium concentration in presence of optimum concentrations of phosphate, IAA and KIN was acquired. By using 2/5 g/l KOH, maximum GlcN content (0.42) was obtained. Also the effect of using trace metals solution was determined in this step. The results showed significant improvement in chitosan production so that GlcN yield was increased from 42% to 50 % in optimum concentration of potassium (2.5 g/l KOH).. Final step of this study was assigned to effects of yeast extract in optimum amounts of phosphate, potassium, hormones and in presence of trace metals solution. Remarkable increasing in chitin production and reduction in chitosan yield was resulted in absence of yeast extract or concentration of less than 2 g/lwhile noteworthy intensifying in chitosan production was observed at higher concentration of yeast extract and maximum of GlcN yield (51%) was obtained at 5 g/l of it. Higher concentrations of yeast extract had negative effect on chitosan content and GlcN yield return to 17-20 % again. Key words: chitosan, glucosamine, indole-3-acetic acid, kinetin, phosphate, potassium, trace metals, yeast extract

ارتقاء امنیت وب با وف بومی

100%