Due to weakness of constructing performances, low efficient human resources and country’s seismicity condition, reducing weight and increasing quality of concrete structures seems to be neccessary. Thus, using lightweight aggregate and self-compacting concrete could be considered as an appropriate solution. So far, due to numerous advantages of self-compacting concretes, extensive researches have been done on it. But nevertheless, a small portion of those researches has been devoted to self-compacting lightweight concrete (SCLC). Therefore better understanding of SCLC in fresh and hardened state was an objective of this thesis. In the present research lightweight expanded clay aggregate (liapor) has been used for reducing weight. Also, increasing compressive strength of produced concrete was one of the main goals in this thesis. hence in order to reducing laboratory costs and optimizing results, in designing and analyzing experiments, Taguchi statistical method was used. Since, there are several variables affecting fresh and hardened state behavior of high performance concretes, in the present research, coarse aggregate volume, sand to mortar ratio, water to powder ratio and silica fume replacement percentage, as effective factors in four different levels were selected. Therefore, in conducting this research 444 samples were tested and analyzed. In the Concrete fresh state, Slump-Flow with T500 and the visual stability index (VSI), L-box and V-funnel was used for evaluating self compactibility criteria. In studying test’s performances, it has been found that, L-Box is not suitable for detecting segregation, due to buoyancy and maximum size of aggregates. Also neither VSI is necessarily effective for these types of concrete. In addition, suitable range of V-Funnel for identify self compactibility were observed different from SCC with regular aggregates. In general, the most important factor, influencing the test results in concrete fresh state are , sand to mortar ratio and water to powder ratio. In concrete hardened state parameters as, density, compressive strength at age of 7 and 28 days, modulus of rupture and water absorption were studied as experiment’s outputs. By evaluating contribution of each factor in the final results of compressive strength at the age of 28, water to powder ratio with 51.7% was found the most and sand to mortar ratio with 5.71% the least effective factors. After conducting tests, 0.27 m 3 , 0.46, 0.86 and 9% respectively the values of coarse aggregate, sand to mortar ratio, water to powder ratio and silica fume replacement were selected as optimal levels of mixtures. Keywords Concrete, lightweight, Self Compacting, Optimization, Statistical, Taguchi