Batteries, as the portable power source, have genrally been the limiting factor in reducing the weight and size of portable electronics. Significant amount of research in material design, carried out by solid-state chemists, material physicists, material scientists and electrochemists have resulted in the invention of lighter and smallert batteries. One of the most important steps towards this trend is the introduction of Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs), as lithium, is the lightest and smallest alkalai metal. Nevertheless, the development of this technology confronts major challenges in finding a suitable anode material with all the essential carachteristics, such as high capacitiy and good cycling (charge/discharge) performances. Carbon-based materials have been most commonly used as anode materials of LIBs, due to their excellent cycling behavior. However, Scientists are looking for an alternative for carbon; since it's capacitiy for lithium insertion is intrinsically limited. Alloys such as Si-based and Sn-based, with much higher theoretical capacities, have also been studied, but none have succeeded in producing an anode material to substitute carbon. All of these alloys, unlike carbon, fail to withstand the volume changes of insertion and de-insertion of lithium ions during charging and discharging of the battery. Thereby the anode material craks after a few cycles and inner-particles loose contact with current collector and eventually, the high capacity fades away. Different approaches have been taken to solve this probem. Multicomponent materials such as Sn-Sb alloys have much better cycling performances than single component ones due to their complex reaction mechanisms with lithium ions. The use of nanomaterials and/or porous materials will also improve the dimentional integrity of the anode material during cycling. However, some technical problems such as re-agregation of nanometer-sized particles render these soloutions impractical and unreliable. One more effective remedy is to disperse superfine alloy particles in an amorphous carbon membrane, which not only prevents the nanometer-sized alloy particles from aggregation but can also act as a buffer against volume expansions. In the present study a Sn-Sb alloy is electrodeposited on a Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) membrane. CNF is produced by the electrospinning of PAN precursor followed by a heat treatment that consists of stabilization, carbonization and activation. CNF, with a complex porous structure with perfectly inter-related pores and extreamly high surface area, provides noble electrochemical performances as electrode materials of any battery system. CNF is also among the best known carbon structures for LIB anode materials, and by using it as a template for a high capacity alloy we attempt to retain the unique structural characteristics in the coated