Let R be an associative ring with identity, and let I be an (left, right, two-sided) ideal of R . Say that I is small if |I| |R| and large if |R/I| |R| . In this paper, we present results on small and large ideals. In particular, we study their interdependence and how t hey influence the structure of R . Conversely, we investigate how the ideal structure of R determines the existence of small and large ideals.