In first project, by combining the advantages of both ionic liquid and microwave heating, we described a new microwave-assisted ionic liquid (MAIL) method for the fast synthesis of optically active polyamides having phthalimide, amide and L-phenylalanine moieties with different diisocyanates in tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as reaction media. The polymerization reactions proceeded quickly under microwave in TBAB as a molten IL and produced a series of polyamides containing chiral side chain with yields and inherent viscosities in the range of 61-86% and 0.26-0.45 dL/g, respectively. In order to investigate the efficiency of microwave irradiation, this method was compared with polycondensation of the same monomers in TBAB using conventional heating in and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. On the next project, a new aromatic diacid monomer (2S)-5-[4-(4-methyl-2-phethalimidyl pentanoylamino)benzoylamino]isophthalic acid was synthesized in five steps in high yield and purity. The chemical structure of this monomer was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques sach as FT-IR, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR, specific rotation, and elemental analysis. Several new, highly soluble and optically active aromatic polyesters containing phthalimide and flexible chiral groups were prepared with moderate molecular weights by direct polycondensation with tosyl chloride, pyridine and N,N -dimethylformamide as condensing agent. These new optically active polyesters with inherent viscosities ranging from 0.29 to 0.34 dL/g were obtained with good yields. The chemical structure of the polymers are also characterized by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR and elemental analysis.